Evaluating the Russian Language Proficiency of Bilingual and Second Language Learners of Russian

The starting point of most experimental and clinical examinations bilingual language development is the choice measure participants’ proficiency, which affects interpretation findings has pedagogical implications. Recent work on heritage L2 acquisition Russian used varying proficiency assessment tools, including elicited production, vocabulary recognition, in-house measures. Using such different approaches to problematic if one seeks a coherent vision speaker competence at stages. aim present study provide suite validated materials designed evaluate speakers as second or language. include an adaptation normed background questionnaire (Leap-Q), battery participant-reported measures, cloze deletion test. We offer two response formats in combination with distinct scoring methods order make testing suited for who self-assess (semi-) proficient well those whose bilingualism incipient, declining due attrition. Data from 52 baseline 503 reported dominant are analyzed test validation purposes. Obtained measures internal external validity evidence that this reliably discriminates between dissimilar target attainment levels diverse populations multilingual speakers.